The Espionage and Sedition Acts in World War I: Using Wartime Loyalty Laws for Revenge and Profit (2024)

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Volume 100 Issue 3 December 2013
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The Espionage and Sedition Acts of World War I: Using Wartime Loyalty Laws for Revenge and Profit. By Daniel G. Donalson. (El Paso: LFB, 2012. viii, 197 pp. $67.00.)

Adam J. Hodges

University of Houston–Clear Lake

Houston, TX

hodgesAJ@uhcl.edu

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Journal of American History, Volume 100, Issue 3, December 2013, Pages 863–864, https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jat510

Published:

01 December 2013

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    Adam J. Hodges, The Espionage and Sedition Acts in World War I: Using Wartime Loyalty Laws for Revenge and Profit, Journal of American History, Volume 100, Issue 3, December 2013, Pages 863–864, https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jat510

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Daniel G. Donalson has written an original book on a subject that scholars have sifted through for generations. He does this by largely ignoring those convicted under the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 and, going further, by placing secondary emphasis even on those cases that went to trial. He is interested primarily in accusations—what their motivation and impact reveal about the political culture of the home front at the granular level. The author used the news clippings files of the National Civil Liberties Bureau to identify two thousand cases that “might be based, however remotely, upon personal motivation” (p. 5). He then searched for more on these cases in the Old German Files of the Bureau of Investigation, a broad collection of surveillance records from the war era that transcends the scope implied by its archival name. After this exhaustive process, he confirmed 151 accusations that had a hidden motive. The cases are from three dozen cities of widely varying size and region, and he places them into four categories: random grievances, ethnic and racial hatred (mainly anti-German), competition for political power, and workplace conflict. It is a solid framework, only lacking a chapter on conflict over gender roles, building upon Kathleen Kennedy's Disloyal Mothers and Scurrilous Citizens (1999).

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